What are the performance of thyroid cancer and how to diagnose?

The human body is like a magic machine, when a certain part of the machine when problems occur, the body will appear to remind us of some small state's attention. However, the daily busy life whether you turn a blind eye to these health warning out? Xiao Bian specifically for the busy home life for you have identified a full range of knowledge, hoping to make your every day off healthy and happy.

Clinical

The diagnosis of thyroid cancer in the early expensive. Where the isolated thyroid nodule was found in clinical practice should be to exclude the possibility of thyroid cancer. If not hard nodule formation, with cervical lymphadenopathy, recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy or a history of past neck reflex, cancer is very high. Likewise, the multiple nodules in the thyroid nodule found in a particularly prominent and hard, should also be suspected the possibility of thyroid cancer. In addition, if there is an asymmetry of the swollen thyroid itself, or induration, and increased rapidly, or have been fixed, should consider the possibility of thyroid cancer.

In the diagnosis, do not place undue reliance on mass and texture of the surface of uneven hard as the characteristics of thyroid cancer. Some swelling of thyroid cancer can be very soft, smooth, activity was great, it is not uncommon in the papillary adenocarcinoma. On the contrary, severe calcification of thyroid cancer, nodular sclerosing thyroiditis thyroid, as well as texture, hard, grainy surface, often misdiagnosed as thyroid cancer. Cystic lesions that are considered benign thyroid nodule, which is obviously incomplete. It has been reported rate of malignant cystic lesion 1.4%, thyroid cancer rates with cystic nodules grew up and increased its.

131 Ⅰ or 99mTc thyroid scan can only be reflected in the form of nodules and the uptake of isotope features, can not determine their nature. However, clinical data show that in hot nodules, warm nodules, cold nodules and cold nodules of the scanned image, the possibility of thyroid cancer, followed by gradual increments. Of more than 0.5cm scan detected nodules, as its loss of function of uptake of isotope can not consider thyroid cancer (due by ultrasound examination to exclude the presence of cysts), but not all pay attention to the performance of thyroid cancer as a cold nodule. In addition, the isotope distribution of defect and the size of the tumor, sometimes functional impairment of the tumor image can be masked by the normal thyroid tissue. A small number of thyroid cancer appears hot nodule.

The inspection can not be diagnosed, the possible fine-needle aspiration cytology, should be on the 1st before surgery, diagnostic accuracy rate. In 10% of the cases, the cells can not make a further classification needed surgical exploration for histological examination.

Of medullary thyroid carcinoma, can be applied to measurement of serum calcitonin, as well as to the calcium or 5 Qin peptide hormone stimulation test for the stomach to diagnose it.

For individual patients suffering from thyroid cancer, high grade, first manifested as metastatic carcinoma and swollen neck lymph nodes, the primary thyroid cancer patients are not aware of but, generally speaking, are more solitary thyroid nodule in nodule or nodules goiter is more likely malignant. Patients have the following performance should alert the possibility of cancerous nodules.

① In non-endemic goitre endemic areas, children under 14 years of age a single thyroid nodule, of which 10% ~ 50% are malignant. But they are well-differentiated thyroid cancer.

② adult males within a single thyroid nodule.

③ years of the existence of thyroid nodules in the short term increased significantly.

④ Coastal living in patients with solitary nodules than the opportunity for the cancer from patients with endemic goiter endemic areas is high.

⑤ childhood head and neck had received radiotherapy in patients treated with a single thyroid nodule is more suspicious.

⑥ check the performance of nodular texture rigid body, fixed irregular or associated with ipsilateral neck lymph nodes. Vocal cord paralysis.

⑦ neck film showing calcification of the thyroid gland is cloudy or granular shadow. Irregular borders, thyroid cancer caused by tracheal stenosis is often about trails, anteroposterior diameter can be normal.

⑧ B-ultrasonic examination showed solid or cystic-solid internal echo uneven, unclear and irregular borders.

⑨ puncture examination revealed tumor cells, the cystic tumor extract was likely to gradually turned into dark red, which is papillary thyroid cancer metastasis as a feature.